Science Heroes: Barry Marshall

Image of Alfred Nobel Monument consisting of a plaque showing a image of Nobel in profile  listing his name and other relevant information. Alfred was who the Nobel Prizes are named for.
Alfred Nobel Monumnet (NYC-AMNH) CC by A-NC-ND, Some rights reserved by wallyg

Continuing my Science Heroes theme is Barry Marshall, a hero named by the charming Sophia Collins of I’m a Scientist Get Me Outta Here fame, you can follow her on twitter, @imascientist. I must admit that the name Barry Marshal did not immediately ring a bell when Sophia suggested him, although I quickly realized who he was while researching him for this post.

In 2005 Barry J. Marshall and J. Robin Warren were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease”. An Australian physician and researcher, Barry first came to widespread international attention in 1984 when purposely infected himself with Helicobacter pylori in an attempt to prove that it was the cause of peptic ulcers which could be treated by bismuth and antibiotics. (Do not try this at home!) His resulting illness demonstrated that Helicobacter pylori was indeed a pathogen.

In partnership with Proctor and Gamble (P&G) he patented his work in diagnostics. Through a P&G funded fellowship he spent 10 years at the University of Virginia expanding his research before returning to Australia. Many people treated by Barry wanted to make a donation to his work so he decided “to use the money for patient and doctor education about the research”. In order to combat medical prejudice against trying the new treatments being developed in this area journalists were key in the effort to educate the public about Barry’s ground breaking work in treating ulcers. Finally, in 1994 the National Institute of Health (NIH) released a statement supporting Barry’s claim that Helicobacter pylori is the cause of duodenal and gastric ulcers.

One thing which really stands out in Barry Marshall’s personal statement concerning the story of his success, is that throughout everything his wife was his partner every step of the way. Adrienne is rarely mentioned by others, but she is not only a psychologist in her own right, but his editor, proof-reader, business partner, voice of reason, and mother of their four children. Barry Marshall’s work was critical to the treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers saving people thousands of dollars and reducing human suffering, but he is also a man who manages to have both a career and a family. In the busy hustle and bustle it is sometimes implied that if you’re not trying to work 24/7 you are somehow less than your peers, but to be truly successful you need to devote yourself note just to your work, but to yourself and to your family and/or friends. The correct work / life balance is different for everyone, but people like Nobel Prize winner Barry Marshall prove that you can indeed have it all.

Who are your science heroes?

Science Heroes: Marie Curie

Marie Curie, From the Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands Photographer unknown, No known copyright restrictions
Marie Curie, From the Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Photographer unknown, No known copyright restrictions

The other day I started thinking about heroes and it occurred to me that we rarely speak about science heroes so I decided to write a blog post about it and asked those on twitter to supply their #scienceheroes. Due to the large number of #scienceheroes I decided to give each hero or heroine their own post.

As a very young girl, about 7, I read a book about another little girl who was quiet and studious, she would get so focused she would shut out the outside world and despite all the odds against her she became a scientist, received her PhD, and two Noble Prizes, fell in love, got married, and had two children. She did not set out to change the world, she merely wanted to be herself, but Marie Curie changed the world and has inspired generations of women in science.

Madam Curie, was born Marie Skodowska on November 7, 1867 in Warsaw, Poland (at that time it was controlled by the Russian Czar). She graduated from high school at 15 and, after a year off for her health, attended underground classes with her sister to further her education. Working and taking illegal classes (Russia did not allow laboratory studies by Polish citizens, and women were not allowed to go to university) at age 24 she had saved enough money to go to Paris.

Marie registered as Maria Sklodowska and through hard work made up for her lack of formal higher education, taking only three years to complete her master’s degree in physics and math. Winning a scholarship she began examining magnetic forces which led to her meeting Pierre Curie, her future husband.? In 1887 Marie gave birth to their first of two children and began looking for a doctoral research project. This led to her ground breaking work with uranium and other radio-active compounds.? Like most scientists the Curies never grew rich for their research, as @gimpyblog said in today’s science discussions on twitter, “Worth noting scientists rarely call for increased pay, unlike bankers and CEOs, but for funds enabling them to do a better job”.

In 1903 Marie became the first woman in France to receive a PhD in Science and shared the Noble prize in Physics with her husband and research partner Pierre Curie.? When both Pierre and Marie started working at the Sorbonne, Pierre as a professor, Marie as a laboratory chief things were looking up until 1906 when Pierre was accidentally killed by a horsedrawn carriage. Marie was devastated but returned to work the day after the funeral, a month later she was promoted to Pierre’s position as full professor. Through heavy lobbying she founded the Radium Institute in Pierre’s memory.

In 1911 Marie won a second Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her discovery of radium and polonium. During World War I Marie was designed and raised funds and supplies for the first mobile x-ray stations in an effort to save lives, and later devised the beginnings of chemo-therapy. A clever and thoughtful woman Marie used her fame to raise funds after the war to fund further research and expansion of the Radium Institute.

On July 4, 1934 Madame Marie Curie died, most likely as a result of complications from long term radiation poisoning. She was buried next to Pierre, and they were both later moved to the Pantheon in Rome.

For more information about Marie’s life check out the American Institute of Physics online exhibit:

http://www.aip.org/history/curie/contents.htm

Marie Curie was my first Science Heroine, who are some of your Science Heroes?